What is Group A Streptococcus (GAS)?
Group A streptococcus is a bacterium often found in the throat and
on the skin. People may carry group A streptococci and have no
symptoms of illness. Most GAS infections are relatively mild
illnesses such as "strep throat," or impetigo. On rare occasions,
these bacteria can cause other severe and even life-threatening
diseases.
How is Group A Streptococcus spread?
These bacteria are spread through direct contact with mucus from the
nose or throat of persons who are infected or through contact with
infected wounds or sores on the skin. Ill persons, such as those
who have strep throat or skin infections, are most likely to spread
the infection. Persons who carry the bacteria but have no symptoms
are much less contagious. Treating an infected person with an
antibiotic for 24 hours or longer generally eliminates their ability
to spread the bacteria. However, it is important to complete the
entire course of antibiotics as prescribed. It is not likely that
household items like plates, cups, or toys spread the bacteria.
What can be done to help prevent Group A
Streptococcal infections?
The spread of all types of GAS infections can be reduced by good
hand washing, especially after coughing and sneezing and before
preparing foods or eating.
Persons with sore throats should be seen by a doctor who can perform tests to find out whether the illness is strep throat. If the test results shows strep throat, the person should stay home from work or school until 24 hours after taking an antibiotic.
All wounds should be kept clean and watched for possible signs of infection such as redness, swelling, drainage, and pain at the wound site. A person with signs of an infected wound, especially if fever occurs, should seek medical care. It is not necessary for all persons exposed to someone with an invasive Group A Strep infection to receive antibiotic therapy to prevent infection. However, in certain circumstances, your doctor may prescribe antibiotic treatment .
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases